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Antonina Pirozhkova (1 July 1909 -12 September 2010) was a Russian civil engineer and writer, best known for her contributions to the construction of the Moscow Metro and the preservation of the literary legacy of her husband Isaac Babel. ==Biography== Antonina Nikolaevna Pirozhkova was born on 1 July 1909 in the village of Krasny Yar, Siberia. Her father died when she was fourteen, and she helped support her family by tutoring children at mathematics. In 1926, she joined Tomsk Polytechnic University to study construction and engineering, graduating four years later. In 1932, Pirozhkova met the writer Isaac Babel. They began to live together in 1934 and had a daughter Lidiya in 1937. Babel was separated from his wife, and he did not enter into a formal marriage with Pirozhkova. However, following his death, the Soviet authorities recognised her as his heir.〔 Babel was executed at the Lubyanka on 27 January 1940. Neither his mother nor Pirozhkova was informed that he was in a Siberian gulag. Pirozhkova received confirmation of his death only in 1954, and even then was told that he had died in 1941 during the Second World War. Babel's papers including manuscripts, notebooks and his letters to her, were confiscated by the NKVD. Their fate remains unknown.〔 Pirozhkova and her daughter were evacuated during the war to Abkhazia.〔 She retired in 1965, whereupon she began her struggle to rehabilitate Babel and to restore his literary legacy.〔 In 1996, she emigrated with Lidiya to the US. She died on 12 September 2010, aged 101, in Sarasota, Florida.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Antonina Pirozhkova」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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